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为centos添加EPEL Repo

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centos默认的源软件不是很全，大部分时候需要添加EPEL源。

centos5.x

wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh remi-release-5*.rpm epel-release-5*.rpm

centos6.x

wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
wget http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm
sudo rpm -Uvh remi-release-6*.rpm epel-release-6*.rpm

添加完毕后可以到/etc/yum.repos.d里面看一下

$ ls -1 /etc/yum.repos.d/epel* /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo
/etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo

设置remi repository

remi repository更新很快，如果你很需要htopxxx最新版本这样的话最好打开

sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/remi.repo

编辑 [remi]段:

name=Les RPM de remi pour Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch
#baseurl=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/remi/$basearch/
mirrorlist=http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/$releasever/remi/mirror
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-remi
failovermethod=priority

开发工具套装

yum groupinstall "Development Tools"

SCL源

http://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories/SCL

解决仓库安装失败的问题

有时候某个软件可以Search，但安装一直报错:

http://download.fedoraproject.org/pu...ry.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout: <urlopen error timed out>
Trying other mirror.

最简单的修复办法就是重建repos

yum clean all
rpm --rebuilddb
yum update

90%的情况会奏效

yum只下载安装包

[RHEL5]
yum -y install yum-downloadonly
yum install mongodb-org --downloadonly

[RHEL6]
yum install yum-plugin-downloadonly
yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=. mongodb-org

yum提取已经安装的rpm包

yum install yum-utils
yumdownloader <package>
yumdownloader <package> --resolve

yum升级kernel

http://elrepo.org/tiki/kernel-ml

elrepo url

http://elrepo.org/tiki/tiki-index.php

http://elrepo.org/linux/kernel/

http://mirrors.sohu.com/centos/6.6/xen4/x86_64/Packages/

mongodb RPM repo

https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat

163镜像源

http://mirrors.163.com/.help/centos.html

rpm 常用命令

  • 重装某个包
1

rpm -ivh --replacepkgs xxx.rpm
  • 修改prefix
1
2

rpm -qp --queryformat "%{defaultprefix}\n" <packagefile>
rpm -ivh --prefix <packagefile>
  • 查询某个包包含的文件
1
2

rpm -ql <packagefile>
rpm -qs <packagefile>
  • 查询某个包包含的配置文件
1

rpm -qc <packagefile>
  • 查询某个包安装时要执行的脚本文件
1

rpm -q --scripts <packagefile>
  • 查询某个文件属于哪个包
1

rpm -qf <filepath>
  • 查询某个可执行文件的配置文件和log文件
1

rpm -qcf <filepath>
  • 寻找最近安装的包
1
2

find /bin -type f -mtime -14 | rpm -qF
rpm -qa --queryformat '%{installtime} %{name}-%{version}-%{release} %{installtime:date}\n' | sort -nr +1 | sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //'
  • 寻找最大的安装包
1

rpm -qa --queryformat '%{name-%{version}-%{release} %{size}\n' | sort -nr +1}'
  • 解压一个rpm文件
1

rpm2cpio xxx.rpm | cpio -div

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